hinzii, the closest genetic relative to BA, was referred to as B. Moreover, a study by Harrington et al., in 2009 provided some evidence of human respiratory infection with BA. BA can also infect a variety of wild birds and is associated with the Lockjaw Syndrome in Psittacine birds. In 2019, BA was ranked to be seventh in the list of the top health issues in the American turkey industry, consistently fluctuating between #5 and #8 for the past several years. Although mortality associated with uncomplicated bordetellosis in turkey is low, morbidity often approaches 100%, and infected turkeys are particularly susceptible to secondary bacterial infection. The new assays can serve as a reliable tool for the sensitive, specific, and efficient diagnosis of BA.īordetella avium (BA) is a Gram-negative, non-fermentative, motile, aerobic bacilli causing bordetellosis, also known as Turkey Coryza, in domesticated turkeys and is an opportunistic pathogen in chickens. In comparison to the currently available TaqMan qPCR assay, the newly developed assays showed significantly higher PCR efficiencies due to superior primers and probes design. The two assays were found to have high efficiency with a detection limit of approximately 1 × 10 3 plasmid DNA Copies/mL with high repeatability and reproducibility. The two assays were able to correctly identify all BA isolates and showed negative results against a wide range of different microorganisms. In this study, we developed and validated two TaqMan qPCR assays and compared their performance to the currently available TaqMan qPCR. However, multiple pitfalls were detected in both assays regarding their specificity, sensitivity, and efficiency, which limits their utility as diagnostic tools. One is conventional gel-based PCR and the other is TaqMan real-time PCR (qPCR) assay. Currently, there are two PCR assays for the molecular detection of BA. This makes confirming the diagnosis of BA as the causative agent of turkey coryza more difficult. However, other bacterial species can easily overgrow it during isolation attempts. Bordetella avium (BA) is one of many pathogens that cause respiratory diseases in turkeys.
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